The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.